Optical illusions arise from visual receptors that allow visual perception to be processed. There are about 130 million of them on the retina. The receptors are connected by intermediates to nerve fibers that connect to the optic nerve. At the point where the optic nerve exits the eye towards the cerebral cortex, there is a place about two millimeters away where there are no receptors. This so-called blind spot causes us confusion.
The creation of the image takes place in two stages. At the first stage, chemical and physical processes take place. The eye receives electromagnetic energy. The receptors of the eye convert this energy into nerve stimuli, which are transmitted along the optic nerve to the brain. Optical stimuli are processed and evaluated in the cerebral cortex, and this only allows them to be recognized. When interpreting these stimuli, the brain uses both the experience already gained and evaluates other information that enters the brain through other senses. However, this does not mean that the same object is always perceived the same way. A good example is the setting sun. The size of the sun doesn't really change, but our brains determine different sizes. The reason is that we perceive objects not in isolation, but in the context of their environment. The corresponding specific value is missing in the sky, so the sun looks smaller. On the other hand, trees on the horizon, for example, serve as a comparative value. Compared to them, the sun seems bigger than in the sky.
Some images are not part of our everyday experience, so our brain first misinterprets optical signals. Some illusions have a physical explanation, for example, the refraction of an object in water or liquid asphalt.
Gestalt psychology
Gestalt psychology deals with optical illusions, in which the basic properties of perception, the so-called laws of form, are formulated. These include, for example, concepts: centering a shape in front of the background, reversible shapes (intentionally positioned so that the background can become a shape, and vice versa, there is an alternation of shape and background). In addition, there is a tendency to group perceived stimuli into meaningful units, as well as due to the law of similarity of the assignment of objects to each other. We perceive similar objects as a single whole. This law is even stronger than the law of intimacy. 1xbet is the best bookmaker that gives bonuses. The 1xbet promo code get welcome bonus 100% up to 100 USD sportsbook and casino bonus 150 free spin + €1950 (or equivalent in another currency). This code unlocks an exciting sports betting welcome bonuses or a casino promotion 1xbet. Find out how to get up to $130 welcome bonus when registering. 1xBet Lucky Friday promo offers a 100% bonus upon deposit of a minimum of 1€ every Friday to active members. The maximum payout is up to 150 EUR. To claim this Lucky Friday bonus, the registered punters need to bet 3X the bonus amount in eligible accumulator bets.